Canon EOS-1D Review
Introduction
Canon's EOS-1D is the first professional digital SLR from Canon since the EOS-D2000 (introduced in March 1998 which was a collaborative effort with Kodak, also known as the Kodak DCS 520). Indeed, the EOS-1D is the first all Canon professional digital SLR. Canon themselves admit that after the EOS-D2000 they were caught dragging their heels somewhat when Nikon released the D1 but believe that they are coming back strong with the 4 megapixel 8 fps EOS-1D.
The EOS-1D is based on the excellent (and highly praised) EOS-1V professional film SLR. The 1D's body is almost identical to an EOS-1V with the additional powerdrive booster attached. The primary differences are the EOS-1D's battery and vertical grip have now become a moulded part of the camera body, and of course that the back of the camera hosts an LCD monitor with variety of 'digital' controls and buttons.
Canon EOS-1D major features summary
- Professional EOS Digital SLR
- Magnesium body, environmentally sealed, based on EOS-1V
- Integrated battery compartment / vertical hand grip
- 4.48 megapixel CCD sensor (primary colour filter)
- Focal length multiplier: 1.3x
- Output image size: 2464 x 1648 or 1232 x 824
- JPEG (Fine/Normal), RAW (12-bit)
- Simultaneous RAW+JPEG mode (saves RAW plus either Full size or Half size JPEG)
- Maximum burst speed of 8 fps for up to 21 JPEG frames or 16 RAW frames
- Option to also record a JPEG file when shooting RAW
- ISO 200 - 1600 in 1/3 stop steps, ISO 100 or 3200 available from a custom function
- ISO sensitivity bracketing
- Same 45-point AF as EOS-1V
- Response time similar to the EOS-1V - 57 ms shutter release and 87 ms viewfinder blackout
- Evaluative, Partial, Center-weighted, Spot and Multi-spot metering
- Shutter speed range: Bulb, 30 - 1/16,000 sec (1/500 sec flash X-sync)
- Aperture range: F91 - F1
- Noise reduction can be enabled for exposures 1/15 sec or slower
- IEEE 1394 (Firewire) connectivity
- CF Type I or II (inc. IBM Microdrive)
- Hybrid Auto White balance combines external white balance sensor and main CCD
- White balance bracketing
- Up to three parameter sets: tone (gamma) curve, sharpening, JPEG compression ratio
- Selectable 'colour matrix' settings define colour space (sRGB / Adobe RGB) and balance
- 21 custom functions, 25 personal functions, which can be stored into 'function groups'
- Bracketing of exposure (shutter / aperture), white balance and ISO sensitivity
- Voice annotation capability (built-in microphone)
- Illuminated status LCD's
- Cropped viewfinder (to enable compatibility with EOS-1V focusing screens)
- Supplied RAW conversion application (TWAIN), supplied remote capture software
- Double battery charger
EOS-1V meets its digital brother
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Here you can see how closely related the EOS-1D is to the the EOS-1V with the powerdrive booster. The entire 'photographic' side of the camera is identical to the 1V, all the controls for exposure mode, AF, ISO, drive, bracketing, metering, exposure compensation, FEL, AF points, AE lock etc. are in the same places. The 1D is slightly thicker and the vertical hand grip now fits flush to the back of the camera (as it is now an integral part of the body). The viewfinder eyecup protrudes further than the 1V and this helps to keep your face away from the LCD screen (avoid 'nose smear'). The final difference is that the 1D is very slightly shorter (vertically).
Summary of physical differences (1D vs. 1V )
- EOS-1D is slightly shorter (height) by approx. 10 mm, deeper (front to back) by approx. 6 mm and narrower (across the front) by approx. 6 mm than the EOS-1V
- EOS-1D and 1V are virtually the same weight (both loaded with batteries)
- EOS-1D eyecup protrudes further (set further away from the rear)
- Battery compartment and vertical hand grip are integrated into camera body
- EOS-1D has an additional assist button on the rear of the camera for the vertical grip
- EOS-1D has a slightly larger Quick Control Dial
- Power switch has been relocated to below Quick Control Dial
- Obvious addition of LCD monitor, status panel and 'digital control' buttons
- Top status LCD has been slightly redesigned
- Connectors on left side of camera are under two rubber doors: digital, remote, PC terminal
- EOS-1D has an external white balance sensor on the front, right of the camera
EOS-D30 meets its big brother
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As you can see the EOS-1D has much smoother, 'professional' lines than the EOS-D30. With the optional battery pack on the D30 the 1D is very slightly taller and wider. Thanks to its solid metal case the 1D is approximately 300 g (11 oz) heavier.
4.15 megapixels
The EOS-1D features a 4.58 megapixel CCD (not made by Canon), this may well be a departure from the CMOS type sensor used in the EOS-D30 but Canon explained that this was simply to do with the CCD sensor's ability to output its image data at high speed and thus keep up with the eight frames per second specified shooting rate. The other detail about the sensor is its size, it's larger (relatively speaking) than the CMOS sensor used in the EOS-D30 and reduces the focal length multiplier (cropping factor) to 1.3x. This means that Canon's new 16 - 35 mm L lens offers a wide 21 - 46 mm equiv. focal length range.
| Camera | Type | Effective pixels (millions) | Effective *1resolution | Output *2resolution | Focal length mult. | Effective imager size (mm) | Pixel size (�m) |
| Nikon D1 | CCD | 2.66 | 2012 x 1324 | 2000 x 1312 | 1.5x | 23.7 x 15.6 | 11.8 x 11.8 |
| Canon EOS-D30 | CMOS | 3.25 | 2226 x 1460 | 2160 x 1440 | 1.6x | 22.0 x 14.9 | 9.9 x 9.9 |
| Canon EOS-1D | CCD | 4.15 | 2496 x 1662 | 2464 x 1648 | 1.3x | 27.0 x 17.8 | 10.8 x 10.8 |
| Nikon D1x | CCD | 5.33 | 4028 x 1324 | 3008 x 1960 | 1.5x | 23.7 x 15.6 | 5.9 x 11.7 |
| APS-C negative | Film | n/a | n/a | n/a | 23.4 x 16.7 | n/a | |
| 35mm negative | Film | n/a | n/a | n/a | 35.0 x 23.3 | n/a |
| *1 | Effective meaning active pixels used to capture image |
| *2 | Output resolution being the resolution of the final image |
As you can see the EOS-1D's sensor is larger than an APS-C size negative and that despite the additional resolution the pixel size is approximately the same as the Nikon D1.
Review Notes
Custom / Personal functions - throughout this review you will see small items written in this blue text, these relate to the interaction of one or more of the EOS-1D's custom or personal functions on that particular camera feature.
Canon EOS-1D Specifications
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| Camera System | ||
| Name | Canon EOS-1D | |
| Type | Digital AF SLR (CCD sensor /Direct� Imaging) | |
| Body material | Magnesium alloy, rubber panels covering majority of camera body | |
| Body seals | 90 waterproof seals (O-rings around buttons) | |
| Price - body only (as quoted by Canon regional companies in their press release) | Canon USA: Canon UK: £ 5,499 (RRP) Canon Europa: € 8,500 Canon France: 56,000 FF Canon Germany: 15,644 DM Canon Japan: 750,000 YEN | |
| Production numbers | 3,000 per month | |
| Format | Digital SLR (Professional EOS series) | |
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| Sensor | ||
| Imager |  | 4.48 megapixel CCD Sensor |
| Imager effective pixels | | 2,496 x 1,662 (4.15 million) |
| JPEG final pixels | | 2,464 x 1,648 (4.06 million) |
| Colour filter array | | Primary (GRGB) colour filter array, non-removable low-pass filter |
| Imager ratio | 3:2 | |
| Imager total size | 28.7 x 19.1 mm | |
| Effective imager size | 27.0 x 17.8 mm | |
| Cell size (pixel size) | 10.8 x 10.8 µm | |
| Imager output | 36-bit (12-bits per colour) | |
| ADC | 12-bit | |
| ISO sensitivities | | ISO 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600 ISO expand: L = ISO 100, H = ISO 3200 |
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| Image Processing | ||
| Colour spaces (Color Matrix) | 1. sRGB natural 2. sRGB portrait (sets hue / chroma balance suitable for portraits) 3. sRGB high chroma (similar to high-chroma slide film) 4. Adobe RGB 5. sRGB wide (will require adjustment later in photo package) | |
| Processing parameters | Up to three user-defined sets of: *SW 1. Tone curve 2. Sharpness level a. Intensity: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 b. Pattern: rough, moderately rough, standard, moderately fine, fine 3. JPEG quality a. Fine: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 b. Normal: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 | |
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| Lenses | ||
| Lens compatilibity | Canon EF lenses | |
| Focal length multiplier | | 1.3 x (cropping effect because imager is smaller than 35 mm frame) |
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| Auto Focus | ||
| Auto Focus | TTL-AREA-SIR with CMOS sensor | |
| Focus points | 45 AF points - automatic or manually selectable (W x H: 15mm x 8mm) | |
| Working range | EV 0-18 (at ISO 100) | |
| Focus point selection | 1. Automatic selection 2. Manual point selection | |
| Focus modes | | 1. One-shot AF: shutter can only be released once focus made 2. AI servo AF: tracks subject movement until start of metering, includes predicitive focusing, shutter can be released at any time regardless of focus (predictive drive has priority in continuous shooting) indicator blinks if focus fails. 3. Manual focus |
| Selected AF point | Superimposed in viewfinder and indicated on top LCD panel | |
| AF-assist light | Dedicated Speedlite's built-in AF-assist beam | |
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| Metering / Exposure | ||
| Metering | | 1. Evaluative metering (21 area) 2. Partial metering (13.5% of viewfinder center) 3. Spot metering a. Center spot metering (3.8% of viewfinder center) b. AF point linked spot (3.8% of image at selected spot) c. Multi-spot metering (max 8 spots can be selected) 4. Center-weighted average metering |
| Metering range | 0 to 20 EV (at 20°C with 50mm F1.4 lens at ISO 100) | |
| Exposure modes | 1. Program AE (flexible program) 2. Shutter speed priority 3. Aperture priority 4. Auto depth-of-field AE 5. E-TTL auto-flash program 6. Manual 7. Flash metered manual | |
| Exposure compensation | | 1. Manual: +/- 3 EV in 1/2 EV or 1/3 EV steps 2. AEB (bracketing): +/- 3 EV in 1/2 EV or 1/3 EV steps |
| AE Lock | 1. Auto AE lock 2. Manual AE lock button | |
| Bracketing | 1. Shutter speed or aperture 2. ISO speed 3. Manual | |
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| White Balance | ||
| Settings | | 1. Auto 2. Daylight 3. Shade 4. Overcast 5. Tungsten 6. Fluorescent 7. Flash 8. Custom 9. Colour temperature K(elvin) 10. Personal WB settings (PC-1, PC-2, PC-3)) *SW |
| Auto white balance | Hybrid auto white balance with CCD sensor and external sensor | |
| Personal white balance | Up to three personal white balance settings can be programmed | |
| White balance bracket. | +/-3 steps | |
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| Image storage | ||
| Storage media | | CompactFlash Type I or II (Microdrive compatible) |
| Image sizes | 2,464 x 1,648 1,232 x 824 | |
| RAW data recorded | 2,496 x 1,662 | |
| Recording formats | | 1. JPEG (Fine / Normal) (JPEG ratios can be re-programmed) *SW 2. RAW (36-bit - about 4MB per image) 3. RAW + JPEG (saves RAW and JPEG file simultaneously) |
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| LCD monitor | ||
| LCD | | 2.0" 120,000 pixel TFT |
| LCD usage | Review only (no live image preview) | |
| Coverage | Approx. 100% | |
| Brightness control | Five levels | |
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| Viewfinder | ||
| Type | | Glass pentaprism, eye-level type with eyesight correction |
| Coverage | 100% vertically and horizontally | |
| Magnification | 0.72x (-1 dioptre with 50mm lens at Infinity) | |
| Eyepoint | 20 mm | |
| Dioptre correction | -3 to +1 dioptre | |
| Focusing screen | Interchangeable (9 types), Standard focusing screen: Ec-CIII | |
| Viewfinder information | AF information (AF points, focusconfirmation light), exposure information (shutter speed, aperture, manual exposure,metering range, ISO speed, exposure level, exposure warning), flash information (flash ready, FP flash, FE lock, flash exposure level), JPEG format, number of remaining shots, CF card information | |
| Mirror | Quick-return half mirror (Transmission: reflection ratio of 37:63, no mirror cut-off with EF 1200mm f/5.6 or shorter lens) | |
| Mirror black-out | 87 ms | |
| Eyepiece shutter | Built-in (lever to right of viewfinder) | |
| Depth-of-field preview | Single button press for preview (viewfinder) | |
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| Exposure / Shooting | ||
| Shutter | Vertical travel focal-plane shutter with all speeds controlled electronically | |
| Shutter speed range | | 30 sec to 1/16,000 sec & BULB |
| Flash X-Sync | 1/500 sec | |
| Self-timer | Electronic, 2 or 10 second delay | |
| Drive modes | | 1. Single shot 2. Continuous Low (3 fps)* 3. Continuous High (8 fps)* 4. Self timer * JPEG or RAW |
| Burst buffer | 21 shots in JPEG modes 16 shots in RAW mode (or RAW+JPEG mode) | |
| Buffer method | With shutter release held, camera will shoot at selected speed (up to 8 fps) until the buffer is full, it will then take one shot as soon as there is space in the buffer for it (typically one shot every 1.5 seconds with a full buffer and a relatively fast CF card). | |
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| Misc. | ||
| LCD status panels | Backlit illumination after press of lamp button | |
| Custom functions | 21 functions with 64 settings | |
| Personal functions | 25 personal functions | |
| Firmware | User updateable | |
| Audible confirmation | Power switch turned to speaker icon: 1. Focus achieved in one-shot AF mode 2. Focus achieved in manual focus mode | |
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| Flash | ||
| External flash | 1. E-TTL autoflash 2. High-Speed sync (FP Flash) - up to 1/16,000 sec 3. FE (Flash Exposure) Lock 4. Flash exposure compensation 5. FEB (Flash Exposure Bracketing) 6. E-TTL wireless autoflash with multipple Speedlites | |
| AF Assist beam | Automatic with suitable Canon Speedlite | |
| Flash X-Sync | 1/500 sec | |
| Sync termainl | PC terminal | |
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| Playback | ||
| Playback modes | 1. Single image with information (including histogram) 2. Single image 3. Four image index 4. Nine image index | |
| Highlight alert | In display modes 1 or 2, overexposed highlight areas will blink | |
| AF point indicator | In display mode 1 | |
| Playback erase | 1. Single image 2. All (except protected images) | |
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| Sound recording | ||
| Recording method | Voice narration recording with built-in microphone | |
| File format | WAV, maximum 30 secs per recording | |
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| Battery / Power | ||
| Battery | | Canon NP-E3 1650mAh, 12V Ni-MH rechargeable battery (19.8 Wh) |
| Battery charger | Canon NC-E2 charger, can charge two batteries simultaneously Input: 100 - 240 V AC | |
| Battery charge time | 120 minutes for fully exhausted battery | |
| Backup battery | CR2025 Lithium button battery | |
| AC adapter | Optional DC coupler kit | |
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| Software | ||
| Included software | The bundled CD-ROM disks* contain software for connecting the EOS-1D with computers, the conversion and display of images, the customization of camera settings and professional image editing. - TWAIN Driver - Macintosh Plug-in Module - IEEE1394 Driver - FireWire Driver - RemoteCapture - TWAIN Driver for Card Reader * Hybrid CD-ROM for Windows and Macintosh computers | |
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| Communications / I/O | ||
| Communications | | IEEE 1394 (FireWire) |
| Remote control | Remote switch RS-60E3 | |
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| Physical specifications | ||
| Dimensions | 156 x 158 x 80 mm (6.1 x 6.2 x 3.1 in) | |
| Weight (exc. batt) | 1250 g (2.8 lb) | |
| Weight (inc. batt) | 1585 g (3.5 lb) | |
| Operating temperature | 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F) | |
| Operating humidity | 85% or lower | |
Canon EOS-1D Q & A Session
As a part of the information gathering process for the review I had an exclusive opportunity to question four of Canon Europa's top digital camera and professional digital SLR staff. Below is a summary of that Q & A session, my questions shown in green, Canon answers in white. How long ago did the actual development of the EOS-1D begin? Was the EOS-D30 a test platform for any of the EOS-1D's technology? Development on the EOS-1D was under way even before the 1V was released, although obviously the requirement for the physical characteristics of the camera lay with the completion of the 1V body. Clearly the EOS-1D is a significant and important camera for Canon, how would it rate (on a scale of 1 to 10) compared to the release of other cameras (such as the EOS-1V)? When ever we produce a professional camera we are always aiming to produce the 'pinnacle product', there is no distinction in importance between the EOS-1V or EOS-1D. What are the production figures for the EOS-1D (per month)? 3,000 per month. It's interesting that the EOS-1D uses a CCD sensor, a lot of people were (of course) expecting another CMOS sensor. What are the reasons for using CCD and was the EOS-D30 the last CMOS sensor D-SLR from Canon? At the moment CCD is the best solution for this camera (overall), it is faster than a CMOS sensor at transferring the data off and into the cameras buffer, this is clearly very important to maintain the very high frame rate. How do you think potential buyers will take the fact that the EOS-1D has a four megapixel (as opposed to six megapixel) sensor, do you think this matters to the target user? The decision to use a four megapixel sensor is based on several factors: (a) to maintain the balance between frame rate and resolution, (b) to use a sensor which is economically viable and wouldn't adversely affect the price of the product, (c) a high quality 4 megapixel (square pixel) sensor is still capable of very large file sizes (12 MB) which are still capable of providing high quality, high resolution images (example - magazines spreads). Is there a balance between pixels and frame rate or is the 4 megapixel count just a current technological limitation? It would be possible to use a higher pixel count sensor but this would increase the price of the camera and adversely affect the 'usability' (frame rate, flush speeds etc.). Technological advances may make this possible in the future. Canon believe that the EOS-1D will be a pinnacle product which will meet the needs of a wide range of professional users, it provides both high resolution and high frame rate in one camera. Is the CCD sensor a Canon development? If not who makes it? No, it is not a Canon development. No comment. How extensively has the EOS-1D been tested, has it been in the hands of photojournalists for long? The EOS-1D has undergone similar levels of environmental testing as the EOS-1V. It is just as robust and waterproof as that camera. Most tests are carried out in a lab. Waterproofing depends on the use of special L lenses with a rubber gasket which seals against the lens mount. Does the EOS-1D mean that the EOS-1V was the last professional film SLR from Canon? No, if there is demand for a more sophisticated or advanced film SLR than the EOS-1V then of course Canon would develop it. Still talking about reliability, what is the cameras MTBF (Mean Time Before Failure)? The shutter mechanism (the first thing likely to fail) is guaranteed to 150,000 cycles, although it is generally expected to last far longer than this (the same mechanism on a film camera lasted 400,000+ cycles in an independent test). Is the EOS-1D's 45 point AF better (faster?) than the EOS-1V? (as we are now further down the development line) No, it is the same as the EOS-1V. It could be perceived as better because as a consequence of the 1.3x 'crop' (focal length multiplier) the AF ellipse actually covers a larger percentage of the frame. Are metering systems in digital SLR's (notably the EOS-1D) tuned to provide maximum digital latitude? The metering systems in the EOS-1V and EOS-1D are identical. Looking at the EOS-1D it's clear that the button layout and controls are a combination of the EOS-1V and the D2000 / D6000, is this simply for familiarity? Yes, the design and layout and controls of the 'digital side' of the camera is similar to the D2000 (AKA. Kodak DCS 520) to aid familiarity with the camera for existing D2000 users. The 'hold down and turn' system is commonly used on professional cameras to avoid accidental settings changes. The EOS-1D has a faster top shutter speed of 1/16,000 sec and an X-Sync speed of 1/500 sec (compared to the EOS-1V), how important was this? There are some difficult challenges involved in very high flash sync and shutter speeds on film cameras. We could achieve the high sync speed and shutter speed on the EOS-1D and so have included it. The high 1/500 sec X-Sync speed is extremely important. The EOS-1D has a very impressive continuous shooting rate of 8 frames per second, what are the challenges involved in developing a mirror / shutter / buffering system to handle this speed? The mirror mechanism with its special 'bounce reduction' and low 87 ms blackout is the same as the EOS-1V, the shutter mechanism is the same as the EOS 3. A unique combination. The EOS-1D can only buffer 21 shots, is there a reason for not providing a larger buffer? Canon believe that the 21 shot buffer is more than sufficient for most professional photographers, CF card write speeds have also increased so that the image buffer flushes more quickly. The camera will take a shot with the shutter release held down as soon as there is space in the buffer. Will there be a higher resolution / slower shooting EOS-1D in the near future? Sorry, no comment on future products. Why is ISO 100 not normally available, is this a throwback to familiarity with the D2000? CCD sensors have a certain set of parameters between which they perform at their optimum. Canon always tend to be cautious in ensuring that the user is provided with the highest possible quality and therefore by default provide a selection between ISO 200 and 1600. The other sensitivities of ISO 100 and 3200 can be selected by way of a custom function but the photographer should understand that under certain extreme conditions there may be compromises to be made at these sensitivities. I notice that the EOS-1D has a white balance sensor; does Canon believe that external white balance sensors are better capable of measuring light colour? The EOS-1D's external white balance sensor is complementary to the white balance of the image as seen by the CCD sensor, this is called Hybrid Auto White Balance. Primarily white balance is measured by the CCD sensor but the external white balance sensor enables the camera system to confirm or correct the colour of the scenes ambient light. The EOS-1D allows a lot of control over image parameters, even down to tone curves and JPEG compression levels, do you believe this is important for the professional or is this based on the comments of previous D-SLR owners? Many professional photographers have exacting requirements about the output of the image, these image parameters give them the flexibility to choose exactly how the image will look. They may also have a variety of different output requirements (or customers) and can therefore easily set up and select image parameters for each of these. Colour space - settings are numbered 1 - 5, although 4 is labelled 'Adobe RGB', 1,2, 3 and 5 are not strictly labelled, is it fair to assume they are all variations on sRGB? Are ICC colour profiles supplied with the camera? Yes, 1,2,3 and 5 are essentially sRGB although 2, 3 and 5 are all tuned very slightly to give different colour output for shooting different subjects (2 is designed to be good for skin tones etc.). ICC colour profiles will not be supplied with the camera Sharpness / sharpness pattern parameters - why the distinction and what's the difference? Is sharpening like an unsharp mask? The sharpness setting is for how strong a sharpening effect you want. The sharpness pattern is for the kind of subject you wish to sharpen (fine or coarse details). I note that the EOS-1D's firmware is user-upgradeable, what kind of things can be corrected in firmware (image quality / processing / menus), are we likely to see regular feature firmware updates or just bug fixes? Firmware updates give the camera an extended life, they enable us to handle the unknown problems that may arise and potentially add new features in the future. Firmware updates should be seen as a positive thing for the buyer because it means they are not buying a 'dead end' product. The EOS-D30 appears to have an additional filter just behind the shutter but some distance from the sensor to protect the sensor from dust, does the EOS-1D have this same protective filter? What is the policy on the use of 'swabs' to clean the sensor? No. We will not recommend use of hand brush or any other things for remove dust on LPF because it may leave a scratch on the surface. If necessary please visit our service deportment for cleaning. Body & Design
As we've already discussed the EOS-1D follows the EOS-1V's design and layout. This has allowed the EOS-1D designers to trim a little from its height, givimg them more surface 'real estate' for controls plus producing an overall stiffer design. The body, made from moulded magnesium alloy is is extremely solid (and weighty). At least three quarters of the surface is covered with a rubber grip / skin.
Because of the integration of the battery pack the EOS-1D features an integrated vertical (or portrait) hand grip complete with controls: assist button, AE lock button, AF point select button, repeated main dial, FEL button and shutter release. These additional controls can enabled or disabled by turning a small switch on the side of the camera. In your hand
Both hand grips are deep and well design (being based on the EOS-1V) with a distinctive middle finger recess. In your hand the camera feels weighty but well balanced and extremely solid. The depth of the recessed 'lip' at the top of the hand grip provides a vital key for locating the correct grip as well as providing additional grip ability. Body weight comparison (including battery)
* With optional BG-ED3 battery pack / vertical grip and two batteries Hand Strap
Rear LCD Monitor
Top LCD Panel
Default display is indicated in bold. Diagram reproduced from the EOS-1D manual by permission. Rear LCD Panel
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| 1 | LCD Monitor display mode (Info, Single, Four index, Nine Index, Folder) | 5 | File number (1 - 9999) *1 Color temperature value (2000 - 10000) Personal white balance (PC-1 - PC-3) |
| 2 | CF Card inserted indicator | 6 | Folder number (100 - 999) |
| 3 | White balance mode (Auto, Daylight, Shade, Overcast, Tungsten, Fluorescent, Flash, Manual, Color Temperature) | 7 | Recording image quality (Large / Fine, Large / Normal, Small / Fine, RAW) |
| 4 | Date transfer mark |
| *1 | • C.Fn 8 allows you to select file number or remaining shots for this display. |
Diagram reproduced from the EOS-1D manual by permission.
Viewfinder / Auto-Focus
The EOS-1D's viewfinder is similar to that found on the EOS-1V except for: additional status information, differently positioned dioptre adjustment (on the 1V the eyepiece must be removed to adjust), eyepiece now protrudes 20 mm (0.8 in) from the rear of the camera (this helps to keep your nose away from the LCD screen) and that the actual view of the focus screen is cropped to match the sensor's smaller proportions. Canon state frame coverage as 100%, we measured it as exactly 98%. The viewfinder view is very large, noticeably larger, clearer and brighter than the EOS-D30.
The diagram on the right below shows the AF ellipse and the 45 focus points, the center spot as well as meter indicators (active points will glow red once AF is locked), buffer space indicator (88 JPEG) and camera status readout (horizontally along the bottom). The buffer space indicator automatically adjusts itself depending on the selected ISO sensitivity, for example when empty at ISO 200 it shows 21 JPEG images, at ISO 800 it shows 14 JPEG images (this is a camera estimate).
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In automatic AF point selection mode the camera will highlight (glowing red) the AF points which were used to measure AF distance. On the right side of the viewfinder is the eyepiece shutter lever (not visible above), this allows you to blackout the viewfinder eyepiece to prevent stray light entering the camera during long or remotely triggered exposures.
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| AF CMOS sensor | Cross-type sensors (horizontal and vertical sensitive) only with lenses with max. aperture of F2.8 or faster |
The EOS-1D uses the same 45-point area AF CMOS sensor used in the EOS-1V, it measures 15 x 8 mm and is located just below the semitransparent mirror and receives the exact same image you see through the viewfinder.
All AF points are sensitive to horizontal detail, however for a lens with a maximum aperture of F2.8 or faster lens a vertical row of 7 points (as indicated in red in the diagram above, right) become sensitive to both horizontal and vertical detail, and the manual notes, are three times more sensitive than the normal horizontal sensors. Some other L lenses with maximum apertures of F4 or brighter make use of the center cross-type AF point.
Having 45 focusing points isn't just about being able to choose your focus area within the image it also means that focus tracking (AI Servo) can be much more effective (as the subject is more likely to be picked up by at least one AF point).
AF point selection modes
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| Automatic selection - in this mode the camera will automatically select (and indicates) the AF point(s) which have been used to calculate the focus distance. C.Fn 10 allows you to change or disable the method of focus point indication. | 45 AF Point Manual selection - in this mode the main dial (top of camera) moves the AF point horizontally, sub command dial (rear) moves AF point vertically. |
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| 11 AF Point Manual selection - in this mode the main dial (top of camera) moves the AF point horizontally, sub command dial (rear) moves AF point vertically. C.Fn 13 - 1 or 2 | 9 AF Point Manual selection - same procedure as described in the other modes, the AF Assist button and sub command dial can be used to quickly select a peripheral point. C.Fn 13 - 3 |
Registered AF point
The EOS-1D has also has a 'registered AF point' feature, this allows you to store the position of a most used AF point (such as the center point) and have it activate when the AF Assist and AF Point buttons are pressed, this is extremely useful for quickly switching back to a default AF point.
| • P.Fn 23 allows you to change the 'meter on' time (default 6 seconds). | |
| • C.Fn 11 can be used to change the controls used to select focus points. C.Fn 17 allows you to activate the six AF points surrounding the selected AF point (7 total) or allow the camera to select a maximum of 13 AF points including selected AF point. | |
| • C.Fn 18 can be used to change the buttons used to switch to the registered AF point. |
Diagrams reproduced from the EOS-1D manual by permission.
Metering system / zones
Just like the EOS-1V the 1D has a 21-zone evaluative metering system. This provides several metering modes: evaluative, partial, spot, center-weighted average, AF point-linked spot and multi-spot metering (plus flash E-TTL and TTL). The diagram on the left, above shows how these areas equate to the portions of the viewfinder view and AF points, in AF point-linked spot metering mode one meter zone serves several AF points.
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| 21 metering zones overlaid on the viewfinder view image | 21 zone meter sensor |
| • C.Fn 13 allows you to choose the number of AF points as well as whether spot metering follows the AF point or stays in the center of the frame. |
Lens mount / Mirror / Shutter
 | The EOS-1D has the EF lens mount (identical to the EOS-1V / D30) and therefore supports all Canon EF type lenses. Remember any lens mounted on the EOS-1D will have an effective focal length (or more accurately cropped field of view) 1.3x of that marked on the lens. Eg. a 28 mm lens provides a field of view equivalent to 36.4 mm on the EOS-1D. In this image you can also see the depth-of-field preview button on the side of the lens mount. |
The mirror mechanism is the same as found on the EOS-1V, that means it also features the same Active Mirror Control system which uses a 'shock absorber' to soak up the bounce produced when the mirror flips back down to the normal position. This system means that 'mirror blackout' (the amount of time the viewfinder view is black) is just 87 ms. This high speed mirror system is of course absolutely essential to achieve the eight frames per second shooting speed.
 | The other item required to maintain the eight frames per second continuous shooting speed is the shutter. The EOS-1D's shutter is similar to the one found on the 1V. It uses a special rotary magnet which never actually contacts the shutter blades, the blades themselves are made from carbon fiber and super-duralumin. Because of its design the shutter requires no power in the 'open' position (for long Bulb exposures for example). |
| • C.Fn 12 enables 'Mirror lockup' mode, in this mode the first press of the shutter release locks the mirror up, the second press opens and closes the shutter curtain (and thus takes the shot). This mode is especially useful for shooting long exposures or high magnification macros. | |
| • P.Fn 21 allows you to enable 'Quiet, delayed shutter cocking' (great name). When this is enabled the mirror is lifted while the shutter release button is fully depressed and released more slowly (and quietly) once the button is released. |
White balance sensor
 | Just like the EOS-D2000 (but unlike the D30 or other recent digital SLR's) the EOS-1D has an external white balance sensor mounted on the top right corner of the camera (from the front). This is used to provide 'additional information' to the camera's white balance system in combination with any reading measured by the main CCD. Canon have coined the name 'hybrid automatic white balance system'. |
Compact Flash compartment
 | The Compact Flash compartment is situated at the back of the hand grip. It can accept either Type I or Type II Compact Flash cards and is fully compatible with the IBM Microdrive. It is opened by turning a small knob (just cropped at the bottom of this image). The door itself is spring loaded and 'pops open' as soonas you turn the knob. Just like Nikon's D1 you can close the door and pick up the camera in one movement. If you take a closer look at this image you'll see the rubber environmental seal around the inside of the compartment door. |
| • C.Fn 2 allows you to disable shutter release when there is no Compact Flash card inserted. |
Battery, Charger, AC Adapter and Compartment
The EOS-1D's battery fits into the base of the camera, it has a double locking system which requires you to turn a lever and then press a release button before the battery can be removed. The battery itself is of the NiMH type. The charger connects to the battery via a plug on the end of two cables and is capable of charging two batteries simultaneously (a full charge of a completely flat battery takes approximately two hours). Note that there is also a 'refresh' feature for conditioning batteries.
If you take a close look at the last image below you'll see some of the rubber environmental seal around the battery cap which helps to keep the battery compartment waterproof.
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AC Adapter / DC Coupler kit DCK-E1
 | Also supplied with the EOS-1D is the DC Coupler (a dummy battery with a DC-IN socket) and AC Adapter PA-V16 (100 - 240 V AC input, 13V, 1.8A output). This kit allows you to connect the camera to an AC power supply for studio shooting, remote capture and long Firewire connectivity (or simply while the battery is charging). Again, Kudos to Canon for making this a standard item. |
Environmental seals
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Just like the EOS-1V the 1D is environmentally sealed, this means that there are rubber O-rings around the controls and that compartment doors have rubber seals. In total the camera has no less than 90 environmental seal points (indicated in red in the skeleton image above). It is however worth bearing in mind that the camera is only as well sealed as the lens used, and for that you'll need one of the special L lenses with rubber grommets which fit flush to the lens mount:
- Canon EF 16 - 35mm F2.8L USM
- Canon EF 70 - 200 mm F2.8L IS USM
- Canon EF 300mm F2.8L IS USM
- Canon EF 400mm F2.8L IS USM
- Canon EF 400mm F4.0 DO IS USM
- Canon EF 500mm F4.0L IS USM
- Canon EF 600mm F4.0L IS USM
Environmental seals quick test
 | Although not definitive I did do a quick test of the 1D's environmental seals, with the new 70-200 F2.8 IS mounted on the camera it was liberally sprayed with water (to simulate a light shower) and left to stand for 15 minutes. The camera was then wiped down with a soft cloth, no water was found to have leaked into any of the major compartments (lens mount, battery, connectors, CF etc.) and the camera was functioning correctly. Clearly the 1D would be capable of withstanding far more than this but this was the most my nerves could handle. |
Connectivity
 | On the right side of the camera (from the rear) are two rubber doors which can be opened and rotated 180 degrees (as shown here). They cover the PC sync terminal (flash), remote terminal and IEEE 1394 (Firewire) port. A 6-pin to 6-pin Firewire cable is included. Note that the EOS-1D has no serial input (for GPS for example) nor a video out capability. |
Flash / Accessory Hot shoe
The EOS-1D features the same E-TTL hot shoe seen on EOS-1V (and EOS-D30). Full electronic TTL metering (a pre-flash before the main exposure) is supported by the EX series of Canon speedlights (such as 380EX, 420EX and 550EX). Pictured below with the 550EX speedlight attached.
In addition the EOS-1D has the following flash photography features: a 1/500 sec X-Sync shutter speed, High Speed Sync (FP Flash), AF Assist (with speedlight lamp), Flash Exposure Lock (FEL), Flash Exposure Compensation (+/- 3 EV in 0.3 EV steps),
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| • P.Fn 15 allows you to disable the flash unit's AF assist beam. | |
| • C.Fn 14 allows you to disable the automatic reduction of fill-in flash. Normally the 1D will decrease flash output in a well lit situation to avoid overexposure, however you may wish to cancel this auto-reduction if the subject is strongly backlit | |
| • C.Fn 15 enables you to choose from first curtain or second curtain flash synchronization |
Base
 | The bottom of the EOS-1D is fairly straightforward, the metal tripod mount is aligned with the center of the lens. The eyelet on the left is for attaching the supplied hand strap. The base is plastic, which is a pity, I preferred the D1's "rubber foot" which can often assist when using a street lamp as an impromptu tripod. |
In the box
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Inside the box you'll find a large range of accessories and items:
- Canon EOS-1D digital SLR
- Eyecup Ec-II
- Battery Pack NP-E3 (NiMH)
- Battery Charger NC-E2
- DC Coupler Kit DCK-E1
- Neck Strap L4
- Hand Strap E1
- Interface Cable IFC-200D6 (Firewire - 6-pin to 6-pin)
- CD-ROM's (different than those pictured):
- EOS Digital Solutions Disk
- Adobe Photoshop LE Disk
- Manuals / Paperwork:
- EOS-1D Instructions (main manual)
- Battery pack and charger Instructions
- DC Coupler Kit Instructions
- EOS-1D Software Instructions
- Quick Operation Guide
- Warranty Card
- EOS-1D Accessories guide
Top of Camera Controls: Left Side
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The top of the camera will be familiar to anyone who has used an EOS-1V, control layout is virtually identical, there are only a few subtle styling differences.
On the left are three buttons which are used in combination with the main dial (just behind the shutter release). These buttons pressed either individually or combined with one other allow you to change the settings of up to six different camera settings. In the icons below the half dial is the main dial (top front of hand grip) and the full dial is the quick command dial (rear).
| Button / combination |  |  |
 | Select exposure mode: *1 • P (Program AE - shiftable) • Av (Aperture Priority) • DEP (Depth of field AE) • M (Manual) • Tv (Shutter Priority) • Bulb (detailed below) | No function |
 | Select AF mode • AI Servo • One Shot (detailed below) | No function |
 | Select metering mode *2 • Evaluative metering (21 zone) • Partial metering (13.5% of center) • Spot metering (3.8% of center) • Center-weighted average metering (detailed below) | Select flash exposure compensation: • +/-3 EV in 0.3 EV steps |
 AF + Mode | Select exposure bracketing: *3 • 0.3 - 3.0 EV steps (3 frames) | |
 AF + Meter mode | Select ISO sensitivity: *4 • L (ISO 100 equiv.) • ISO 200 • ISO 250 • ISO 320 • ISO 400 • ISO 500 • ISO 640 • ISO 800 • ISO 1000 • ISO 1250 • ISO 1600 • H (ISO 3200 equiv.) | Select ISO bracketing: • 0.3 - 3.0 EV steps (3 frames) |
 Mode + Meter mode | Select drive mode: *5 • Single • High-speed continuous; 8 fps • Low-speed continuous; 3 fps • 10 sec self timer • 2 sec self timer (detailed below) | |
| *1 | • P.Fn 1 allows you to disable any of the exposure modes. |
| *2 | • C.Fn 13 allows you to lock metering to the currently selected AF point for Spot metering. • P.Fn 2 allows you to disable any of the metering modes. |
| *3 | • C.Fn 9 allows you to change the bracketing sequence / auto cancellation rule • P.Fn 7 enables continuous bracketing • P.Fn 8 can be used to set the number of bracket shots (2, 3, 5, 7) • P.Fn 9 can be used to reverse the sequence of C.Fn 9-2,3 to +,0,- |
| *4 | • C.Fn 3 must be enabled to use the 'expanded' ISO 100 (indicated as L) and ISO 3200 (indicated as H). |
| *5 | • P.Fn 19 allows you to re-program continuous modes to 8,7,6,5,4 fps and 3,2,1 fps respectively. |
As someone who doesn't have lots of experience of the 1V I was encouraged by how quick and easy this control system is to learn. However I do feel it would have been useful to include a custom function which can allow single handed control of these functions (a bit like the EOS-D30).
Exposure / Focus / Metering / Drive modes
Exposure modes
| Mode | Description |
| P | Program AE (Shiftable) *1 The Program AE on the EOS-1D is flexible, that means that with a metered exposure displayed you can select one of a variety of equal exposures by turning the main dial (top of camera) left or right. Example: • 1/30 F4.5 (roll left a click) • 1/60 F3.2 (roll left a click) • 1/125 F2.2 (metered) • 1/250 F1.6 (roll right a click) • 1/320 F1.4 (roll right a click) By default the EOS-1D only remembers the selected exposure until the exposure meter display timeout (6 seconds) - this behaviour can be changed via a personal function. |
| Av | Aperture Priority Auto *2 In this mode you select the aperture and the camera will calculate the correct shutter speed for the exposure (depending on metered value; metering mode, ISO). Aperture is displayed on the top LCD, roll the main dial (top) to select different apertures. A half-press of the shutter release causes the cameras exposure system to calculate the shutter speed, if it's outside of the cameras exposure range the nearest shutter speed will blink. • F1.0 - F91.0 (depending on lens) in 1/3, 1/2 or 1 EV steps |
| DEP | Depth-of-field AE This unique Canon EOS feature allows you to select two focus points in a scene and the camera will then select the correct aperture and focus distance to ensure both subjects are in focus (within the focus field) in the final shot. On the EOS-1D this is carried out by focusing (half-press of the shutter release) on the first subject, then focusing on the second subject (again, another half-press) and then recompose the scene and fully depress the shutter release. The camera indicates which subject you're focusing on with a DEP-1 / DEP-2 display on the top LCD and viewfinder status bar. |
| M | Manual Exposure *3 In this mode you select the aperture and the shutter speed from any available combination. Main dial (top) selects shutter speed, quick command dial (rear) selects aperture. A half-press of the shutter release will activate the cameras meter and the relative exposure difference (+/- 3 EV) will be indciated on the viewfinder meter (right of the viewfinder screen). A difference of exposure of more than 3 EV is indicated by either an up or down pointing arrow. |
| Tv | Shutter Priority Auto *4 In this mode you select the shutter speed and the camera will calculate the correct aperture for the exposure (depending on metered value; metering mode, ISO). Shutter speed is displayed on the top LCD, roll the main dial (top) to select different shutter speeds. A half-press of the shutter release causes the cameras exposure system to calculate the aperture, if it's outside of the cameras exposure range the nearest aperture will blink. • 30 seconds - 1/16,000 sec in 1/3, 1/2 or 1 EV steps |
| Bulb | Bulb Exposure The EOS-1D has a dedicated Bulb exposure mode. In this mode you can select the aperture by rolling the main dial (top) then press and hold the shutter release for the length of exposure you require (normally in conjunction with a remote release). During the exposure the top display gives a readout of the exposure length in hours, minutes and seconds. |
| *1 | • P.Fn 10 can be used to retain the program shift for multiple shots |
| *2 | • Exposure steps can be set to 1/3, 1/2 or 1 EV via C.Fn 6. • P.Fn 5 allows you to limit the range of available apertures (for all exposure modes). |
| *3 | • P.Fn 3 can be used to select the type of metering mode used in manual exposure mode. • C.Fn 5 can be used to reverse the action of the main / sub dial for selection of aperture and shutter speed. |
| *4 | • Exposure steps can be set to 1/3, 1/2 or 1 EV via C.Fn 6. • P.Fn 4 allows you to limit the range of available shutter speeds (for all exposure modes). |
| • P.Fn 1 allows you to disable any of the exposure modes. | |
| • C.Fn 16 allows you to enable 'safety shift' for Av or Tv modes, when enabled the camera will automatically override the selected aperture or shutter speed to avoid overexposure. |
Auto Focus modes
| Mode | Description |
| One Shot | One Shot AF In this mode a half-press of the shutter release activates AF and locks onto a single focus distance. The focus confirmation light (a dot on the viewfinder status bar) will be lit once a focus is achieved or blink of it can not be. You can, if you wish, recompose the shot while 'holding' the focus distance by keeping the shutter release half-pressed. |
| AI Servo | AI Servo AF In this mode the camera constantly re-focuses on a moving subject. If the subject is moving at a constant rate towards or away from the camera the focus system will 'predict' the new focus distance. This is especially sucessful when AF point selection is set to auto (the camera can use all 45 focus points to track a moving subject). In this mode the focus confirmation light only indicates if focus can not be achieved (it blinks). |
| • P.Fn 13 allows you to switch AI Servo auto focus between focus-priority (default) and shutter release-priority. | |
| • C.Fn 20 can be used to change the AI Servo tracking sensitivity (standard, slow, moderately slow, moderately fast, fast) so that focusing isn't thrown off if (example) something crosses the path of the lens. thankyou for reading |
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